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CIRO CIRE Exam Syllabus Topics:
| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Securities, managed products, mutual funds and other investments | 19% | - Features, risks and returns of managed products - Considerations affecting mutual fund investors - Asset classes generally sold and traded at an Investment Dealer - Considerations affecting equity investors and potential shareholders - Considerations affecting managed product investors - Types, features, risks and returns of fixed income securities and products - Types, features, risks and returns of equities - Considerations affecting fixed income investors - Purpose and uses of market indices - Considerations affecting exchange-traded fund investors - Other investments including hedge funds, structured products, alternative investment funds, crypto assets and ESG-related products - Types of pooled products |
| Scope of client relationships | 15% | - Typical services provided by institutional Investment Dealers - Role of the Registered Representative in providing client service - Trust, agency and fiduciary duty - Requirements for working with clients in the United States and other foreign jurisdictions - Role of the Investment Representative in providing client service - Suitability determination requirements for retail clients - Know-your-product obligations - Investment performance benchmarks - Institutional client sophistication assessment and suitability exemptions - Account appropriateness versus suitability determination - Product due diligence obligations - Systematic approaches to investment management and investment strategies - Typical services provided by retail Investment Dealers - Internal escalation procedures and subject matter experts - Exemptions from suitability determination requirements - Account appropriateness obligations - Purpose and content of relationship disclosure |
| Conflicts of interest and ethics | 15% | - Importance of ethics and its relationship to rules - Inappropriate or prohibited personal financial dealings with clients - Information controls, barriers, firewalls and restricted lists - Ethical and legal responsibilities to clients - Activities outside an Investment Dealer - Requirements regarding positions of influence - Conflicts of interest management process - Client confidentiality policies and procedures - Ethical principles and standards of conduct for Approved Persons and Investment Dealers - Role of cybersecurity in protecting confidential information - CIRO and other ethical standards of conduct - Importance of managing conflicts of interest |
| Client complaint handling and reporting | 5% | - Recourse available to dissatisfied clients - Investment Dealer complaint reporting obligations and penalties - Prohibited practices in client settlement agreements - Policies and procedures for reporting, handling and maintaining complaint records - Potential client issues, liability and consequences - Investment Dealer obligations to clients - Role of CIRO and provincial regulators in the complaints handling framework |
| Market integrity, trade execution and settlement | 12% | - UMIR gatekeeping obligations - Order entry, trade management, settlement and delivery - Universal Market Integrity Rules - Features of different account types - Features of different order types - Margin requirements - Reporting obligations to firms and regulators - Order confirmation requirements - Functions of investment banking, research and corporate finance - Order variations, cancellations and corrections - Gatekeeping requirements for manipulative and deceptive practices, unacceptable activities and front running - Specialized trading agreements for derivative accounts |
| Overview of Canadian securities regulatory framework | 10% | - Anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist financing legislation and regulations - Function and purpose of the Canadian Investor Protection Fund - Other applicable laws including confidentiality, privacy, anti-spam, company disclosure and shareholder rights - Role and authority of the Canadian Securities Administrators and provincial and territorial securities and derivatives regulators - Purpose and implications of the Bank Act and Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act - Function and purpose of investment industry marketplaces - Role and authority of the Canadian Investment Regulatory Organization - Criminal Code and its application to financial crime - Function and purpose of clearing agencies - Investment Dealer registration and individual approval requirements - Function and purpose of other investment industry regulators and agencies |
| Derivatives | 5% | - Prohibited derivative trading practices - Administrative requirements for derivative trading with clients - Features of other derivative contract types - Basic uses of derivatives - Single and multi-legged derivative trading strategies - Listed versus over-the-counter derivative markets - Basic transactional elements of futures and options - Features of options contract types |
| Prospective client relationships | 10% | - Retail client information collection - Exemptions under National Instrument 45-106 - Institutional client qualification requirements - Role of cost in product selection - Third parties and other professionals in the client's life - Investment Dealer onboarding process - Client record documentation, filing and maintenance - Client relationship model - Differences between retail and institutional clients - Impact of fees, turnover and taxes on investment returns - Required account agreement and Firm Welcome package documents |
| Market and company analysis | 8% | - Rules relating to companies - Economic indicators and sources of information - Basic market theories and stock market behaviour - Basic economic theories - Industry performance analysis - Factors influencing the macroeconomy - Company performance analysis tools - Technical and statistical analysis tools and information sources - Effects of macroeconomic factors on financial markets |
CIRO Canadian Investment Regulatory Sample Questions:
1. An Investment Dealer has just received client information as part of the know-your-client (KYC) process. What is now required of the dealer within a reasonable time?
A) Prepare a standard portfolio for the client
B) Confirm the client's risk tolerance with external parties
C) Assign the client a risk rating based on market trends
D) Have the client confirm the accuracy of the information
2. Why might a company choose to issue preferred shares instead of debt?
A) Preferred shares offer tax-deductible dividend payments that lower corporate tax expenses
B) Preferred shares do not create legal obligations to make interest or principal payments
C) Preferred shares provide shareholders with voting rights and a maturity date
D) Preferred shares are less expensive than debt due to their fixed dividend obligations
3. In relation to suitability which of the following is true?
A) There may be multiple suitable recommendations that put the client's interest first
B) There can only be one suitable recommendation balancing client and dealer interests
C) There may be multiple recommendations that prioritize both client and dealer interests
D) There can only be one suitable recommendation that puts the client's interest first
4. An Investment Dealer wants to set up and operate a new alternative trading system (ATS). What must they ensure to be compliant?
A) Notify the Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC) of all client transactions
B) Limit trading to domestic securities
C) Secure Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA) recognition as a regulated marketplace
D) Restrict ATS access to institutional investors
5. Before purchasing shares in a publicly traded company, it is important to evaluate a key advantage and disadvantage of share ownership. What should be considered?
A) Share ownership provides limited financial risk but no influence on company direction
B) Shareholders are generally repaid before bondholders in the event of insolvency
C) Share ownership provides potential capital gains and claim on dividends if distributed
D) Share ownership often offers fixed payments and guaranteed principal at maturity
Solutions:
| Question # 1 Answer: D | Question # 2 Answer: B | Question # 3 Answer: A | Question # 4 Answer: C | Question # 5 Answer: C |



